Showing posts with label SSL. Show all posts
Showing posts with label SSL. Show all posts

Sunday, 2 February 2020

Apache ReverseProxySSL SSLClientAuth

Apache ReverseProxySSL SSLClientAuth

Apache ReverseProxySSL SSLClientAuth

2019-08-04T14:54:01+01:00

Introduction

We will be configuring Apache in reverse proxy mode. Apache will be accepting connections on secure port with SSL client authentication and forward that request to a backend application server Gunicorn. Communication between apache and gunicorn will also be on secure port and SSL authenticated. Gunicorn will run a simple flask app that will be writing some text to file.

Purpose of this excersize is to introduce end to end secure communication from client to apache to app server with SSL client authentication at every stage. Please note that this exercise represents just the minimal configuration to work and no other authentication mechanism will be mentioned.

Note: we will be using self-signed CA authority and all certificates will be signed by this authority.

Environment Used

$ cat /etc/fedora-release
Fedora release 30 (Thirty)

$ uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 5.0.9-301.fc30.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Apr 23 23:57:35 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Prepare Environment

Create python virtual environment

$ python3 -m  venv apacheSLL
$ source apacheSLL/bin/activate
$ pip install flask
$ pip install gunicorn

Create all digital certificates

We will be using a PKI setup mentioned in [this link]({{< ref “/posts/SSL-certificate.md” >}}) We will be creating following certificates.

  • client-side certificate used by curl
  • apache server-side certificate used in interfacing with client.
  • apache client-certificate used in interfacing with gunicorn
  • gunicorn server-side certificate.

Create client-side certificate

create CSR

openssl req \
-config <(cat opensslConf/csr_openssl.cnf opensslConf/client_san_names.cnf) \
-new \
-newkey rsa:2048 \
-nodes \
-days 365 \
-out CSRs/aClient.csr \
-keyout privateKeys/aClientKey.pem \
-reqexts client \
-subj "/emailAddress=client@somecompany.com/C=GB/ST=London/L=City of London/O=client Organization/OU=Engg/CN=client.full.domain.name"

Sign CSR with CA

openssl ca \
-config opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf \
-policy policy_anything \
-cert caCert/myCA.crt \
-keyfile caCert/myCAkey.pem \
-in CSRs/aClient.csr \
-out newCreatedCerts/aClientCert.pem

Create apache server-side certificate

If you have followed the structure of PKI mentioned in [this link]({{< ref “/posts/SSL-certificate.md” >}}), then create a san file for apache like following.

$ cat opensslConf/apache_san_names.cnf
[ san_names ]
DNS.1 = apache.server.name

create CSR

openssl req \
-config <(cat opensslConf/csr_openssl.cnf opensslConf/apache_san_names.cnf) \
-new \
-newkey rsa:2048 \
-nodes \
-days 365 \
-out CSRs/apacheServer.csr \
-keyout privateKeys/apacheServerKey.pem \
-reqexts server \
-subj "/emailAddress=apacheAdmin@admin.com/C=GB/ST=London/L=City of London/O=My Organization/OU=Engg/CN=apache.server.name"

Sign CSR with CA

openssl ca \
-config opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf \
-policy policy_anything \
-cert caCert/myCA.crt \
-keyfile caCert/myCAkey.pem \
-in CSRs/apacheServer.csr \
-out newCreatedCerts/apacheServerCert.pem

Create apache client-side certificate

create CSR

openssl req \
-config <(cat opensslConf/csr_openssl.cnf opensslConf/apache_san_names.cnf) \
-new \
-newkey rsa:2048 \
-nodes \
-days 365 \
-out CSRs/apacheAsClient.csr \
-keyout privateKeys/apacheAsClientKey.pem \
-reqexts client \
-subj "/emailAddress=apacheAdmin@admin.com/C=GB/ST=London/L=City of London/O=My Organization/OU=Engg/CN=apache.server.name"

Sign CSR with CA

openssl ca \
-config opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf \
-policy policy_anything \
-cert caCert/myCA.crt \
-keyfile caCert/myCAkey.pem \
-in CSRs/apacheAsClient.csr \
-out newCreatedCerts/apacheAsClientCert.pem

Create gunicorn server-side certificate

If you have followed the structure of PKI mentioned in [this link]({{< ref “/posts/SSL-certificate.md” >}}), then create a san file for gunicorn like following.

$ cat opensslConf/gunicorn_san_names.cnf

[ san_names ]
DNS.1 = gunicorn.app.server
$ openssl req \
-config <(cat opensslConf/csr_openssl.cnf opensslConf/gunicorn_san_names.cnf) \
-new \
-newkey rsa:2048 \
-nodes \
-days 365 \
-out CSRs/gunicornServer.csr \
-keyout privateKeys/gunicornServerKey.pem \
-reqexts server \
-subj "/emailAddress=apacheAdmin@admin.com/C=GB/ST=London/L=City of London/O=My Organization/OU=Engg/CN=gunicorn.app.server"

Sign CSR

$ openssl ca \
-config opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf \
-policy policy_anything \
-cert caCert/myCA.crt \
-keyfile caCert/myCAkey.pem \
-in CSRs/gunicornServer.csr \
-out newCreatedCerts/gunicornCert.pem

In whole, following files will should be created.

$ ls -1 caCert newCreatedCerts privateKeys/
caCert:
myCA.crt
myCAkey.pem

newCreatedCerts:
12.pem
13.pem
14.pem
15.pem
aClientCert.pem
apacheAsClientCert.pem
apacheServerCert.pem
gunicornCert.pem

privateKeys/:
aClientKey.pem
apacheAsClientKey.pem
apacheServerKey.pem
gunicornServerKey.pem

Note: you will never need myCAkey.pem file except for signing CSRs. Also ignore pem files having numerals in their names. Each certification generation process creates a cert file and a corresponding numeral file. Contents of both the files are same. Hence can be ignored.

Apache Preparation

Make sure apache is installed. In case of fedora apache is recognized as httpd rpm package.

Install apache ssl module.

$ sudo dnf -y install mod_ssl

Create Certificate Directory

$ sudo mkdir /etc/httpd/sslCerts
$ sudo cp newCreatedCerts/apacheServerCert.pem newCreatedCerts/apacheAsClientCert.pem \
privateKeys/apacheServerKey.pem privateKeys/apacheAsClientKey.pem \
caCert/myCA.crt \
/etc/httpd/sslCerts/

prepare certificate to be used by apache reverse proxy SSL engine.

$ openssl rsa -in apacheAsClientKey.pem > apacheAsClientKeyWithRSAHeader.pem
$ openssl x509 -in apacheAsClientCert.pem > apacheAsClientCertPEMformat.pem
$ cat apacheAsClientCertPEMformat.pem apacheAsClientKeyWithRSAHeader.pem > apacheAsClientCertAndKeyCombined.pem
$ chmod 400 apacheServerKey.pem apacheAsClientCertAndKeyCombined.pem

Note: We do NOT need apacheAsClientKey.pem, apacheAsClientCert.pem, apacheAsClientKeyWithRSAHeader.pem and apacheAsClientCertPEMformat.pem files and they can be deleted.

Prepeare apache config file

Create a file /etc/httpd/conf.d/reverseProxy.conf with following contents.

$ cat /etc/httpd/conf.d/reverseProxy.conf

Listen 7771
<VirtualHost *:7771>
    ServerName apache.server.name
    # LogLevel debug

    SSLEngine On
    SSLCACertificateFile /etc/httpd/sslCerts/myCA.crt
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/sslCerts/apacheServerCert.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/sslCerts/apacheServerKey.pem
    SSLVerifyClient require
    SSLVerifyDepth 5

    SSLProxyEngine On
    SSLProxyVerify require
    SSLProxyVerifyDepth 5
    # SSLProxyCheckPeerCN Off
    SSLProxyCheckPeerName Off
    SSLProxyCACertificateFile /etc/httpd/sslCerts/myCA.crt
    SSLProxyMachineCertificateFile /etc/httpd/sslCerts/apacheAsClientCertAndKeyCombined.pem

    <Location "/">
        ProxyPreserveHost On
        ProxyPass "https://gunicorn.app.server:6662/"
        # SSLRequireSSL
        # SSLRequire %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_CN} eq "some.host.name"
        # SSLRequire %{SSL_CLIENT_SAN_DNS_0} eq "some.host.name"
        # SSLRequire %{REMOTE_HOST} in {"some.host.name", "another.host.name"}
    </Location>

</VirtualHost>

Note: You may need to inrease SSLVerifyDepth and SSLProxyVerifyDepth to higher number. This represents the depth of you certificate chain (Root and intermediary certs). Number need to be exact. It can be higher but no lower. Lower number will result in error.

Start Apache

$ sudo systemctl restart  httpd

Note: You may need to tweak selinux policy for apache to run at 7771 port. I had disabled selinux for this excersize.

Make client, apache and gunicorn addresses resolvable

As root user enter the following line in /etc/resolv.conf file above all nameserver lines.

nameserver 127.0.0.1

Run a temp DNS server in foreground.

$ sudo dnsmasq --no-daemon \
--listen-address=127.0.0.1 \
--address=/client.full.domain.name/127.0.0.1 \
--address=/apache.server.name/127.0.0.1 --address=/gunicorn.app.server/127.0.0.1  \
--log-queries

Create a Simple flask app

mkdir flaskApp
mkdir flaskApp/certs
touch flaskApp/myFlaskApp.py

Contents of flaskApp/certs should be following

$ ls -og flaskApp/certs
total 16
-rw-rw-r--. 1 5021 Aug  4 17:37 gunicornCert.pem
-rw-------. 1 1704 Aug  4 17:37 gunicornServerKey.pem
-rw-rw-r--. 1 1493 Aug  4 17:37 myCA.crt

Contents of myFlaskApp.py are below.

$ cat myFlaskApp.py
from flask import Flask, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)

api_url = "/"

@app.route(api_url, methods=["GET"])
def write_to_file():
    return jsonify({"success": "request received successfully"}), 201

start serving flask app using following command.

$ cd flaskApp/
$ gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:6662 myFlaskApp:app \
--ca-certs certs/myCA.crt \
--certfile certs/gunicornCert.pem \
--keyfile certs/gunicornServerKey.pem \
--cert-reqs 2

[2019-08-04 18:20:48 +0100] [37404] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.9.0
[2019-08-04 18:20:48 +0100] [37404] [INFO] Listening at: https://0.0.0.0:6662 (37404)
[2019-08-04 18:20:48 +0100] [37404] [INFO] Using worker: sync
[2019-08-04 18:20:48 +0100] [37407] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 37407

Note: argument 2 for --cert-reqs corresponds to ssl.CERT_REQUIRED

Create client environment

$ mkdir client
$ mkdir client/certs

contents of client/certs are below

$ ls -og client/certs/
total 16
-rw-rw-r--. 1 5062 Aug  4 17:40 aClientCert.pem
-rw-------. 1 1704 Aug  4 17:41 aClientKey.pem
-rw-rw-r--. 1 1493 Aug  4 17:41 myCA.crt

Test the whole setup

Test gunicorn server connectivity directly

Gunicorn server connectivity.

$ curl https://gunicorn.app.server:6662 \
--cacert certs/myCA.crt \
--cert certs/aClientCert.pem \
--key certs/aClientKey.pem 

{"success":"request received successfully"}

Test gunicorn server connectivity directly (no certs, insecure)

$ curl https://gunicorn.app.server:6662 \
--cacert certs/myCA.crt \
--insecure

curl: (56) OpenSSL SSL_read: error:1409445C:SSL routines:ssl3_read_bytes:tlsv13 alert certificate required, errno 0

insecure connection attempt

insecure connection

$ cd client/
$ curl https://apache.server.name:7771/ --insecure

curl: (56) OpenSSL SSL_read: error:1409445C:SSL routines:ssl3_read_bytes:tlsv13 alert certificate required, errno 0

Above connection failed because server requires authentication. Client also need to provide its certificate.

Authenticated connection attempt.

$ curl https://apache.server.name:7771/ \
--cacert certs/myCA.crt \
--cert certs/aClientCert.pem \
--key certs/aClientKey.pem 

{"success":"request received successfully"}

Note: You do not need to generate so many certificates. You can generate certificate having both the extensions of TLS Web Server Authentication and TLS client Authentication and that certificate can be deployed at all places.

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SSL Certificate Mutual Authentication

SSL Certificate Mutual Authentication

SSL Certificate Mutual Authentication

2019-07-17T21:35:50+01:00

Introduction

We will be creating our own CA (Certificate Authority), CSR (Certificate Signing Request), signed certificate. We will be creating server side and client side certificate and will verify them using openssl and curl.

Prepare environment

os used

$ cat /etc/fedora-release
Fedora release 30 (Thirty)

$ uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 5.0.9-301.fc30.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Apr 23 23:57:35 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Prepare openssl conf files

A reference conf file can be found in /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf location and by default openssl uses this file. We will be creating our own conf files. One for CA and other one to generate CSRs.

Note: You do not need to be root to run following commands.

$ mkdir -p myPKI
$ cd mkPKI
$ mkdir -p caCert  caDatabase  CSRs  newCreatedCerts  opensslConf  privateKeys
$ touch caDatabase/index.txt
$ touch caDatabase/serial
$ echo "10" > caDatabase/serial

Create following four config files.

  • opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf
  • opensslConf/csr_openssl.cnf
  • opensslConf/server_san_names.cnf
  • opensslConf/client_san_names.cnf
$ cat opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf 
HOME            = .
oid_section     = new_oids

openssl_conf = default_modules
[ default_modules ]
ssl_conf = ssl_module

[ ssl_module ]
system_default = crypto_policy

[ crypto_policy ]
.include = /etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/opensslcnf.config

[ new_oids ]
tsa_policy1 = 1.2.3.4.1
tsa_policy2 = 1.2.3.4.5.6
tsa_policy3 = 1.2.3.4.5.7

[ ca ]
default_ca  = CA_default        # The default ca section

[ CA_default ]
dir     = ./                # Where everything is kept
new_certs_dir   = $dir/newCreatedCerts
database    = $dir/caDatabase/index.txt # database index file.
unique_subject  = no            # Set to 'no' to allow creation of
serial      = $dir/caDatabase/serial        # The current serial number
name_opt    = ca_default        # Subject Name options
cert_opt    = ca_default        # Certificate field options
copy_extensions = copy

default_days    = 365           # how long to certify for
default_crl_days= 30            # how long before next CRL
default_md  = sha256        # use SHA-256 by default
preserve    = no            # keep passed DN ordering
policy      = policy_match

# For the CA policy
[ policy_match ]
countryName     = match
stateOrProvinceName = match
organizationName    = match
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName      = supplied
emailAddress        = optional

# For the 'anything' policy
[ policy_anything ]
countryName     = optional
stateOrProvinceName = optional
localityName        = optional
organizationName    = optional
organizationalUnitName  = optional
commonName      = supplied
emailAddress        = optional

[ req ]
default_bits        = 2048
default_md      = sha256
default_keyfile     = privkey.pem
distinguished_name  = req_distinguished_name
attributes      = req_attributes

# The extensions to add to the self signed cert (This CA will be signing its own certificate, hence self signed)
x509_extensions = v3_ca 
string_mask = utf8only

[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName         = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default     = XX
countryName_min         = 2
countryName_max         = 2
stateOrProvinceName     = State or Province Name (full name)
localityName            = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default        = Default City
0.organizationName      = Organization Name (eg, company)
0.organizationName_default  = Default Company Ltd
organizationalUnitName      = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
commonName          = Common Name (eg, your name or your server\'s hostname)
commonName_max          = 64
emailAddress            = Email Address
emailAddress_max        = 64

[ req_attributes ]
challengePassword       = A challenge password
challengePassword_min       = 4
challengePassword_max       = 20
unstructuredName        = An optional company name

[ v3_ca ]
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical,CA:true
nsCertType = sslCA, emailCA
$ cat opensslConf/csr_openssl.cnf 
[ req ]
default_bits        = 2048
default_md      = sha256
default_keyfile     = privkey.pem
distinguished_name  = req_distinguished_name
attributes              = req_attributes
string_mask = utf8only

[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName         = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default     = XX
countryName_min         = 2
countryName_max         = 2
stateOrProvinceName     = State or Province Name (full name)
localityName            = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default        = Default City
0.organizationName      = Organization Name (eg, company)
0.organizationName_default  = Default Company Ltd
organizationalUnitName      = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
#organizationalUnitName_default =
commonName          = Common Name (eg, your name or your server\'s hostname)
commonName_max          = 64
emailAddress            = Email Address
emailAddress_max        = 64

[ req_attributes ]
challengePassword               = A challenge password
challengePassword_min           = 4
challengePassword_max           = 20
unstructuredName                = An optional company name

[ server ]
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
nsCertType          = server
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
nsComment           = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth
subjectAltName = @san_names

[ client ]
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
nsCertType          = client, email
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
nsComment           = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth
subjectAltName = @san_names
$ cat opensslConf/server_san_names.cnf 
[ san_names ]
DNS.1 = myhost.full.domain.name
$ cat opensslConf/client_san_names.cnf 
[ san_names ]
DNS.1 = client.full.domain.name

Create self signed CA certificate.

$ cd myPKI
$ openssl req -config opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf \
-new -x509 \
-out caCert/myCA.crt \
-newkey rsa:2048 -keyout caCert/myCAkey.pem \
-extensions v3_ca \
-days 1000 \
-subj "/emailAddress=user@junkemail.com/C=GB/ST=London/L=City of London/O=My Organization/OU=Engg/CN=root CA"

Generating a RSA private key
...........................+++++
.....................+++++
writing new private key to 'caCert/myCAkey.pem'
Enter PEM pass phrase:
Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase:
-----
$ ls -1 caCert/
myCA.crt
myCAkey.pem

Check CA certificate

$ openssl x509 -in caCert/myCA.crt -text -noout

Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number:
            67:4e:dd:00:82:65:95:e0:92:91:70:52:2a:35:cc:bb:33:57:78:22
        Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: emailAddress = user@junkemail.com, C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = root CA
        Validity
            Not Before: Aug  3 10:43:28 2019 GMT
            Not After : Apr 29 10:43:28 2022 GMT
        Subject: emailAddress = user@junkemail.com, C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = root CA
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                RSA Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:99:05:47:02:ec:ab:1c:12:46:4e:fa:65:94:fd:
                    72:99:bc:81:e7:12:ba:5c:f0:17:46:45:72:dd:c1:
                    3d:7f:58:4b:f4:85:6e:99:4d:dc:24:e4:c4:01:0b:
                    c3:64:48:8a:89:3f:a8:ef:66:d6:d7:8d:83:58:07:
                    a2:09:69:de:36:06:de:04:1d:40:5a:1e:8b:31:e1:
                    7e:2a:8f:79:d8:f0:5d:84:6d:c9:20:80:4a:83:af:
                    60:ec:ff:0c:76:26:bb:30:3d:5b:93:21:f8:1c:0c:
                    5c:ab:4a:07:f7:2f:b2:ca:fd:0c:a7:0f:62:65:78:
                    43:84:98:63:12:6c:59:09:9f:df:4e:7c:00:91:a1:
                    e8:52:3c:54:9f:c2:6a:0a:c5:2c:85:fe:35:f5:83:
                    e6:40:2f:8f:ae:19:84:d8:fc:fc:4c:35:5f:34:8a:
                    9f:f8:2f:76:7a:d4:ba:4b:c5:5b:0a:06:5b:52:27:
                    d1:f8:c5:de:69:3c:0b:80:e1:53:b3:b5:7b:ca:33:
                    9c:d4:ae:72:04:f3:3c:14:e7:8d:71:91:62:52:f8:
                    0e:5a:67:8c:a7:1e:fb:8a:1a:b4:75:0a:68:32:57:
                    ed:ff:6a:93:b8:a8:90:fa:0b:21:c6:8a:71:88:b3:
                    8e:23:c1:71:af:41:4f:4d:96:a3:14:0a:76:3e:05:
                    c1:8f
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                E2:E6:68:05:8F:90:98:4F:36:E7:60:1A:B5:C8:95:FE:14:D8:84:20
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 
                keyid:E2:E6:68:05:8F:90:98:4F:36:E7:60:1A:B5:C8:95:FE:14:D8:84:20

            X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
                CA:TRUE
            Netscape Cert Type: 
                SSL CA, S/MIME CA
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         30:f7:ec:d8:ac:81:55:89:d4:51:89:a7:4a:58:87:b0:7a:3d:
         97:dc:96:4e:1f:77:77:ed:b8:33:af:ee:4e:b6:3c:66:d0:b4:
         0b:d5:a0:82:f2:34:14:da:32:f7:7b:fb:84:34:39:49:e6:ab:
         c6:23:19:9a:0e:f1:f0:dc:f7:d5:12:ad:9b:c2:7a:f6:c5:89:
         f0:c1:c1:77:1c:03:85:6e:fa:b0:3f:a7:63:72:a5:43:a7:c5:
         ca:fb:61:a8:7c:4a:14:bf:59:ab:a9:37:cd:6c:57:f1:3f:0c:
         36:69:1d:e7:8e:40:95:c8:a7:29:88:72:1c:95:ae:fc:10:93:
         4b:62:01:6f:52:7d:c4:37:ad:23:1a:e5:62:fb:9c:d5:63:89:
         7c:16:d6:1f:f0:41:58:8b:1d:44:5e:c5:8e:29:df:d2:61:e4:
         74:16:9f:73:2d:1d:f7:c0:13:42:fc:80:95:0d:33:30:1a:46:
         4f:cd:16:ef:3c:31:ad:2c:e8:d7:a9:c6:c8:55:8f:7f:1a:67:
         ee:22:b3:01:9d:61:fa:91:c6:54:ac:e2:d4:fb:a5:ef:39:7c:
         59:40:4f:93:81:f6:ee:4a:19:fa:05:7c:78:13:84:b9:17:25:
         26:20:ca:37:84:04:41:61:22:f3:87:fc:76:3c:72:ef:f7:d6:
         f7:e6:61:b7

Verify CA certificate

$ openssl verify -verbose  caCert/myCA.crt

emailAddress = user@junkemail.com, C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = root CA
error 18 at 0 depth lookup: self signed certificate
error caCert/myCA.crt: verification failed

Note: Above verification failed because this CA cert is self signed and is NOT issued by certified authority.

Run following command to tell openssl to use our signed CA cert.

$ openssl verify -CAfile caCert/myCA.crt -verbose  caCert/myCA.crt

caCert/myCA.crt: OK

Create a CSR request for server.

$ openssl req \
-config <(cat opensslConf/csr_openssl.cnf opensslConf/server_san_names.cnf) \
-new \
-newkey rsa:2048 \
-nodes \
-days 365 \
-out CSRs/server.csr \
-keyout privateKeys/serverKey.pem \
-reqexts server \
-subj "/emailAddress=user2@junkemail.com/C=GB/ST=London/L=City of London/O=My Organization/OU=Engg/CN=myhost.full.domain.name"

Ignoring -days; not generating a certificate
Generating a RSA private key
...........+++++
........+++++
writing new private key to 'privateKeys/serverKey.pem'
-----

$ ls -1 CSRs/
server.csr

Create a CSR request for client.

$ openssl req \
-config <(cat opensslConf/csr_openssl.cnf opensslConf/client_san_names.cnf) \
-new \
-newkey rsa:2048 \
-nodes \
-days 365 \
-out CSRs/myClient.csr \
-keyout privateKeys/myClientKey.pem \
-reqexts client \
-subj "/emailAddress=user3@some.com/C=GB/ST=London/L=City of London/O=My Organization/OU=Engg/CN=client.full.domain.name"

Ignoring -days; not generating a certificate
Generating a RSA private key
................................................................+++++
.............+++++
writing new private key to 'privateKeys/myClientKey.pem'
-----

$ ls -og privateKeys/
total 8
-rw-------. 1 1704 Aug  3 13:03 myClientKey.pem
-rw-------. 1 1704 Aug  3 12:17 serverKey.pem

$ ls -og CSRs/
total 8
-rw-rw-r--. 1 1350 Aug  3 13:03 myClient.csr
-rw-rw-r--. 1 1358 Aug  3 12:17 server.csr

Check Server CSR request

$ openssl req -in CSRs/server.csr -text -noout

Certificate Request:
    Data:
        Version: 1 (0x0)
        Subject: emailAddress = user2@junkemail.com, C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = myhost.full.domain.name
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                RSA Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:9b:39:32:a0:0c:c0:66:2a:b3:a2:0f:17:66:8e:
                    8a:60:b2:1b:5b:14:af:87:a3:af:06:a7:d0:81:cd:
                    87:fa:54:1f:d0:51:8f:d0:82:40:1a:56:f7:3a:de:
                    4a:a9:44:e5:fb:5e:26:59:2e:d0:74:d6:70:8e:79:
                    8f:22:22:07:7b:09:75:73:fb:db:64:b3:33:ef:85:
                    8e:c3:96:a4:aa:12:7a:2d:09:db:1f:f7:3a:eb:e5:
                    c0:c7:67:dc:ff:d0:02:50:dd:6a:7f:26:95:52:6a:
                    ed:ca:f5:b4:18:0b:c7:1a:33:1b:e5:40:96:6d:74:
                    c3:c3:a2:81:01:96:7b:b2:d3:6c:d1:ad:9c:59:46:
                    32:f8:b2:71:ea:57:77:4c:fe:b5:a6:a1:33:21:09:
                    73:b6:f0:72:bf:b4:be:b6:b7:b3:82:81:91:15:7c:
                    16:30:0c:2f:30:45:8c:25:37:53:3b:0f:eb:4b:46:
                    2b:4d:4e:2b:bc:e9:62:fe:10:1b:26:bc:ca:8f:20:
                    c2:34:a0:19:50:08:97:70:4e:82:5c:e8:53:80:7d:
                    7c:fc:61:14:f5:e1:ea:b8:7b:57:64:57:c0:85:a3:
                    e3:97:02:70:c8:84:82:5e:de:56:11:f4:23:0a:76:
                    44:d7:dd:ce:d7:46:56:53:0e:cc:03:94:b5:a2:75:
                    af:a7
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        Attributes:
        Requested Extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Cert Type: 
                SSL Server
            X509v3 Key Usage: 
                Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment
            Netscape Comment: 
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                10:AB:8E:14:C4:C3:01:06:E8:77:4B:30:A3:B9:B0:18:8C:51:13:D7
            X509v3 Extended Key Usage: 
                TLS Web Server Authentication
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name: 
                DNS:myhost.full.domain.name
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         43:6f:f5:64:34:87:2d:69:d0:80:f2:0d:6b:ec:ae:86:00:0c:
         0f:03:4e:6d:70:2d:f5:42:a0:7f:12:bf:27:f7:74:9e:85:5d:
         02:ac:bc:31:d0:99:73:87:ad:ea:6a:76:e1:4e:51:4c:f7:77:
         bd:04:07:05:97:31:ee:c9:b2:79:69:32:96:86:5f:6d:1e:3d:
         e8:e2:9d:d8:fb:16:ec:06:c3:43:eb:f8:ee:30:0c:da:e1:6a:
         f3:c6:54:21:06:a1:81:18:34:8e:c6:6b:db:e7:d5:a4:06:09:
         b4:46:fd:6a:23:84:66:21:4d:bc:18:f0:e3:f5:bb:6b:32:f0:
         72:62:2c:b4:0d:ef:cc:5c:e4:69:31:3a:7b:b6:c8:44:94:b9:
         5c:4f:a9:2b:14:57:4e:f7:5c:5a:a5:a8:e5:61:90:88:3f:30:
         0b:2c:5e:90:08:11:73:7e:c2:94:30:42:3d:8c:41:94:55:56:
         9b:ab:d3:c3:71:ed:64:ea:10:47:d6:2b:0d:3c:9f:f1:a6:64:
         a5:8a:ca:86:25:d3:17:b5:12:b8:47:ea:34:6b:a4:05:17:0f:
         91:dd:e5:e0:24:ae:a6:1d:ef:10:60:af:72:15:5e:eb:98:30:
         63:f8:b5:2a:1e:fc:1d:b5:1f:01:2c:93:72:48:78:b8:ec:2c:
         ca:44:5a:e8

Check client CSR request

$ openssl req -in CSRs/myClient.csr -text -noout

Certificate Request:
    Data:
        Version: 1 (0x0)
        Subject: emailAddress = user3@some.com, C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = client.full.domain.name
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                RSA Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:b7:bc:80:ee:fb:da:4b:40:04:b5:37:9a:d9:6a:
                    39:c3:b9:e9:c9:52:68:68:e0:76:4f:35:36:00:8e:
                    b8:37:70:49:17:29:c5:7f:6a:99:50:6b:84:dc:e3:
                    97:6f:a4:b4:83:b9:88:a4:3a:01:68:b4:75:07:45:
                    63:4c:5b:2c:b4:07:c3:98:10:1e:a0:f8:46:e8:0e:
                    a6:71:04:61:50:aa:8a:31:91:d1:9c:73:ad:e4:3c:
                    f9:40:de:43:f1:f5:5d:37:13:ab:c3:cc:2c:eb:46:
                    66:81:4a:27:06:c5:bf:8b:07:fd:67:67:58:8b:59:
                    b2:15:db:88:ff:11:23:f8:42:e3:fc:18:55:95:52:
                    30:19:3e:eb:81:04:ec:e0:94:bf:6a:f6:63:dd:34:
                    00:54:71:ec:bd:eb:13:1d:b3:10:52:6c:d2:22:32:
                    9d:e8:aa:54:66:3c:7b:5a:bb:42:eb:5d:34:57:51:
                    05:49:fd:86:e0:1c:91:02:75:af:87:96:bf:be:f7:
                    de:13:78:a2:61:9d:14:06:32:1d:33:03:61:c9:0f:
                    5d:db:0d:33:51:ec:cb:c2:d1:4b:64:40:da:05:6f:
                    c5:41:3a:7a:68:7a:23:0a:71:2d:81:31:c8:e7:a4:
                    fb:fc:30:a6:27:63:51:ca:38:7a:84:12:9d:44:e1:
                    3b:53
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        Attributes:
        Requested Extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Cert Type: 
                SSL Client, S/MIME
            X509v3 Key Usage: 
                Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment
            Netscape Comment: 
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                7C:9D:A8:26:60:12:31:DE:88:21:FB:EA:9C:77:B9:B1:38:E0:52:67
            X509v3 Extended Key Usage: 
                TLS Web Client Authentication
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name: 
                DNS:client.full.domain.name
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         26:69:46:d5:5b:69:af:a5:16:69:03:0f:e7:2a:ca:f1:38:e0:
         07:2c:ff:50:85:b9:91:a8:23:86:0c:2a:e9:64:da:8a:9e:31:
         d9:fd:0b:02:ef:67:14:09:65:be:14:b2:93:70:7a:2b:0b:96:
         38:57:dc:ba:ea:70:91:20:18:dc:fa:d2:49:f1:b4:5b:7c:41:
         c6:c1:2a:6d:7a:49:3f:18:42:49:3d:dc:d2:26:e0:71:9a:44:
         bb:5d:f6:de:d4:c9:20:96:bc:1e:0e:e5:36:ff:37:9d:92:bd:
         88:5e:1e:af:d4:72:dc:6a:27:41:51:a3:4b:a5:28:11:b1:bc:
         92:48:c5:75:48:79:92:eb:7e:d8:f9:71:03:8d:b3:cb:62:fd:
         76:7f:2d:70:95:93:4c:db:2a:90:0a:e2:61:f8:00:c1:a6:fa:
         83:3b:dd:76:a2:73:57:66:4c:b2:8a:6f:6e:78:b7:1e:c4:70:
         d5:26:76:83:b6:47:44:70:50:be:aa:7b:d8:f2:45:6e:57:dc:
         92:04:8d:78:fd:7d:70:84:35:52:9a:b4:68:ef:09:29:96:fb:
         0c:ae:51:e3:0c:d0:f3:bd:91:3e:99:7d:f8:d3:eb:e4:86:da:
         08:01:ec:46:2b:0c:76:65:61:c9:4e:cb:17:60:bf:72:55:6d:
         44:73:25:66

Sign Server CSR and generate server certificate

$ openssl ca \
-config opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf \
-policy policy_anything \
-cert caCert/myCA.crt \
-keyfile caCert/myCAkey.pem \
-in CSRs/server.csr \
-out newCreatedCerts/serverCert.pem

Using configuration from opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for caCert/myCAkey.pem:
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number: 16 (0x10)
        Validity
            Not Before: Aug  3 11:40:34 2019 GMT
            Not After : Aug  2 11:40:34 2020 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = GB
            stateOrProvinceName       = London
            localityName              = City of London
            organizationName          = My Organization
            organizationalUnitName    = Engg
            commonName                = myhost.full.domain.name
            emailAddress              = user2@junkemail.com
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Cert Type:
                SSL Server
            X509v3 Key Usage:
                Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment
            Netscape Comment:
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                10:AB:8E:14:C4:C3:01:06:E8:77:4B:30:A3:B9:B0:18:8C:51:13:D7
            X509v3 Extended Key Usage:
                TLS Web Server Authentication
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:
                DNS:myhost.full.domain.name
Certificate is to be certified until Aug  2 11:40:34 2020 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y


1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

$ ls -og  newCreatedCerts/
total 16
-rw-rw-r--. 1 5035 Aug  3 12:40 10.pem
-rw-rw-r--. 1 5035 Aug  3 12:40 serverCert.pem

check signed server certificate

$ openssl x509 -in newCreatedCerts/serverCert.pem -text -noout

Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number: 16 (0x10)
        Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: emailAddress = user@junkemail.com, C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = root CA
        Validity
            Not Before: Aug  3 11:40:34 2019 GMT
            Not After : Aug  2 11:40:34 2020 GMT
        Subject: C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = myhost.full.domain.name, emailAddress = user2@junkemail.com
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                RSA Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:9b:39:32:a0:0c:c0:66:2a:b3:a2:0f:17:66:8e:
                    8a:60:b2:1b:5b:14:af:87:a3:af:06:a7:d0:81:cd:
                    87:fa:54:1f:d0:51:8f:d0:82:40:1a:56:f7:3a:de:
                    4a:a9:44:e5:fb:5e:26:59:2e:d0:74:d6:70:8e:79:
                    8f:22:22:07:7b:09:75:73:fb:db:64:b3:33:ef:85:
                    8e:c3:96:a4:aa:12:7a:2d:09:db:1f:f7:3a:eb:e5:
                    c0:c7:67:dc:ff:d0:02:50:dd:6a:7f:26:95:52:6a:
                    ed:ca:f5:b4:18:0b:c7:1a:33:1b:e5:40:96:6d:74:
                    c3:c3:a2:81:01:96:7b:b2:d3:6c:d1:ad:9c:59:46:
                    32:f8:b2:71:ea:57:77:4c:fe:b5:a6:a1:33:21:09:
                    73:b6:f0:72:bf:b4:be:b6:b7:b3:82:81:91:15:7c:
                    16:30:0c:2f:30:45:8c:25:37:53:3b:0f:eb:4b:46:
                    2b:4d:4e:2b:bc:e9:62:fe:10:1b:26:bc:ca:8f:20:
                    c2:34:a0:19:50:08:97:70:4e:82:5c:e8:53:80:7d:
                    7c:fc:61:14:f5:e1:ea:b8:7b:57:64:57:c0:85:a3:
                    e3:97:02:70:c8:84:82:5e:de:56:11:f4:23:0a:76:
                    44:d7:dd:ce:d7:46:56:53:0e:cc:03:94:b5:a2:75:
                    af:a7
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Cert Type: 
                SSL Server
            X509v3 Key Usage: 
                Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment
            Netscape Comment: 
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                10:AB:8E:14:C4:C3:01:06:E8:77:4B:30:A3:B9:B0:18:8C:51:13:D7
            X509v3 Extended Key Usage: 
                TLS Web Server Authentication
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name: 
                DNS:myhost.full.domain.name
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         2d:f2:ec:1d:96:98:d7:4c:4e:f7:5d:83:e1:f6:b7:99:77:cc:
         31:30:5e:e1:7f:75:a1:b9:aa:b1:f2:e9:20:8c:fe:87:be:01:
         3c:a4:ee:cb:b8:f4:88:34:eb:3e:29:79:9f:2e:a0:db:3e:50:
         9f:5b:a2:cf:d7:24:b8:12:da:56:be:c7:69:0e:0c:d9:22:e7:
         2b:d1:dd:cf:c6:17:0a:d2:70:84:a4:ba:fb:27:0c:a7:33:ff:
         94:ed:4e:ea:be:04:b9:30:61:ad:8a:ee:29:81:fa:b1:28:3c:
         f2:63:c4:23:c6:63:46:09:a7:bf:94:69:ee:cb:39:3f:dd:f6:
         dc:41:96:9c:e8:83:a0:93:e7:21:11:57:d4:b9:29:aa:6d:93:
         42:a1:b9:dc:b0:3b:81:c4:6d:9c:51:5d:71:31:b8:e1:c8:43:
         3a:41:bb:47:73:b7:3b:3c:46:ba:e4:53:f3:f4:75:96:25:ad:
         8a:ed:f0:26:64:80:1d:b8:eb:8a:f2:6c:63:09:6d:19:e5:60:
         70:7a:d3:71:17:5c:d3:d1:c0:d0:1a:ec:82:e6:3e:fb:ac:44:
         26:38:d7:63:15:4b:6e:82:6f:fe:fe:9e:fc:e5:3a:6c:37:06:
         72:1f:c9:dc:e4:69:da:1e:31:30:63:d0:2c:cd:a1:e8:f0:ce:
         e3:9d:36:a8

Verify server certificate

$ openssl verify  -CAfile caCert/myCA.crt newCreatedCerts/serverCert.pem

newCreatedCerts/serverCert.pem: OK

Sign client CSR and generate client certificate

$ openssl ca \
-config opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf \
-policy policy_anything \
-cert caCert/myCA.crt \
-keyfile caCert/myCAkey.pem \
-in CSRs/myClient.csr \
-out newCreatedCerts/myClientCert.pem

Using configuration from opensslConf/CA_openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for caCert/myCAkey.pem:
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number: 17 (0x11)
        Validity
            Not Before: Aug  3 12:18:30 2019 GMT
            Not After : Aug  2 12:18:30 2020 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = GB
            stateOrProvinceName       = London
            localityName              = City of London
            organizationName          = My Organization
            organizationalUnitName    = Engg
            commonName                = client.full.domain.name
            emailAddress              = user3@some.com
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Cert Type:
                SSL Client, S/MIME
            X509v3 Key Usage:
                Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment
            Netscape Comment:
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                7C:9D:A8:26:60:12:31:DE:88:21:FB:EA:9C:77:B9:B1:38:E0:52:67
            X509v3 Extended Key Usage:
                TLS Web Client Authentication
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:
                DNS:client.full.domain.name
Certificate is to be certified until Aug  2 12:18:30 2020 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y


1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

$ ls -og newCreatedCerts/
total 32
-rw-rw-r--. 1 5035 Aug  3 12:40 10.pem
-rw-rw-r--. 1 5034 Aug  3 13:18 11.pem
-rw-rw-r--. 1 5034 Aug  3 13:18 myClientCert.pem
-rw-rw-r--. 1 5035 Aug  3 12:40 serverCert.pem

check client certificate

 $ openssl x509 -in newCreatedCerts/myClientCert.pem -text -noout 

Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number: 17 (0x11)
        Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: emailAddress = user@junkemail.com, C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = root CA
        Validity
            Not Before: Aug  3 12:18:30 2019 GMT
            Not After : Aug  2 12:18:30 2020 GMT
        Subject: C = GB, ST = London, L = City of London, O = My Organization, OU = Engg, CN = client.full.domain.name, emailAddress = user3@some.com
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                RSA Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:b7:bc:80:ee:fb:da:4b:40:04:b5:37:9a:d9:6a:
                    39:c3:b9:e9:c9:52:68:68:e0:76:4f:35:36:00:8e:
                    b8:37:70:49:17:29:c5:7f:6a:99:50:6b:84:dc:e3:
                    97:6f:a4:b4:83:b9:88:a4:3a:01:68:b4:75:07:45:
                    63:4c:5b:2c:b4:07:c3:98:10:1e:a0:f8:46:e8:0e:
                    a6:71:04:61:50:aa:8a:31:91:d1:9c:73:ad:e4:3c:
                    f9:40:de:43:f1:f5:5d:37:13:ab:c3:cc:2c:eb:46:
                    66:81:4a:27:06:c5:bf:8b:07:fd:67:67:58:8b:59:
                    b2:15:db:88:ff:11:23:f8:42:e3:fc:18:55:95:52:
                    30:19:3e:eb:81:04:ec:e0:94:bf:6a:f6:63:dd:34:
                    00:54:71:ec:bd:eb:13:1d:b3:10:52:6c:d2:22:32:
                    9d:e8:aa:54:66:3c:7b:5a:bb:42:eb:5d:34:57:51:
                    05:49:fd:86:e0:1c:91:02:75:af:87:96:bf:be:f7:
                    de:13:78:a2:61:9d:14:06:32:1d:33:03:61:c9:0f:
                    5d:db:0d:33:51:ec:cb:c2:d1:4b:64:40:da:05:6f:
                    c5:41:3a:7a:68:7a:23:0a:71:2d:81:31:c8:e7:a4:
                    fb:fc:30:a6:27:63:51:ca:38:7a:84:12:9d:44:e1:
                    3b:53
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Cert Type: 
                SSL Client, S/MIME
            X509v3 Key Usage: 
                Digital Signature, Non Repudiation, Key Encipherment
            Netscape Comment: 
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                7C:9D:A8:26:60:12:31:DE:88:21:FB:EA:9C:77:B9:B1:38:E0:52:67
            X509v3 Extended Key Usage: 
                TLS Web Client Authentication
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name: 
                DNS:client.full.domain.name
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         7d:20:3f:08:50:20:83:2d:27:d2:2e:1c:2d:50:f5:d4:bd:47:
         23:bf:5a:a2:6c:61:7d:3e:67:fd:3a:62:be:50:18:75:84:9b:
         d2:a4:1f:a2:ad:de:59:cd:fe:db:f3:95:80:12:c9:62:a3:79:
         73:c1:01:ed:18:25:1c:b6:4e:10:e9:60:54:18:37:0a:04:be:
         0f:9c:76:ff:63:32:69:d9:26:f4:25:46:c5:88:07:ea:f3:50:
         04:3a:f9:8b:47:02:27:8b:f0:5f:64:59:01:7b:45:8a:6d:9e:
         03:75:95:93:f0:d7:83:c8:c2:bf:c4:a5:4e:fb:81:ed:54:68:
         80:ef:8d:07:a0:dc:ab:e8:e7:5d:30:cf:26:7f:c1:3d:92:64:
         03:c4:52:56:a1:e2:c3:dd:a8:79:ba:4a:a4:54:d7:f8:50:2b:
         95:d0:4b:95:c1:d7:f9:d5:a4:23:dc:f0:84:f6:35:3b:d4:f8:
         cb:b6:e4:59:da:a3:27:1d:d7:5c:38:96:0c:a6:d1:d9:81:71:
         e6:fb:f8:41:13:c9:4d:9b:81:fb:33:b3:09:76:5b:1d:f7:d0:
         81:5f:94:14:4f:49:b8:8d:1a:ad:29:bd:fd:cd:a1:46:71:d9:
         0b:9a:50:d3:97:8e:13:a5:d0:5a:1a:65:44:f1:d9:01:1a:65:
         27:16:d1:f0

Verify Client/Server connectivity using certs.

Please note that our server certificate was created using CN=myhost.full.domain.name. This is imaginary hostname but client must use myhost.full.domain.name to connect to server.

Create a test html file atest.html that will be served by openssl server.

$ cd myPKI
$ mkdir -p serveContent
$ touch serveContent/atest.html
$ ( cat <<EOF
openssl page served.
EOF
) > serveContent/atest.html

Attemps to connect and fetch a page from server (NO mutual auth)

Start a SSL server.

$ host myhost.full.domain.name
Host myhost.full.domain.name not found: 3(NXDOMAIN)
$ openssl s_server \
-accept 9999 \
-CAfile caCert/myCA.crt \
-cert newCreatedCerts/serverCert.pem \
-key privateKeys/serverKey.pem \
-state \
-WWW

Using default temp DH parameters
ACCEPT

Fetch atest.html file insecurely.

insecure fetch 
$ curl https://localhost:9999/serveContent/atest.html --insecure
openssl page served.

Fetch atest.html file securely.

secure fetch 
$ curl https://localhost:9999/serveContent/atest.html --cacert caCert/myCA.crt

curl: (60) SSL: no alternative certificate subject name matches target host name 'localhost'
More details here: https://curl.haxx.se/docs/sslcerts.html

curl failed to verify the legitimacy of the server and therefore could not
establish a secure connection to it. To learn more about this situation and
how to fix it, please visit the web page mentioned above.

Note: The error above is due to the mismatch between client calling the server name as localhost and certificate’s SAN name as myhost.full.domain.name

Fetch atest.html file with correct server hostname

using correct server name

$ curl https://myhost.full.domain.name:9999/serveContent/atest.html --cacert caCert/myCA.crt

curl: (6) Could not resolve host: myhost.full.domain.name

Fixing DNS resolution for myhost.full.domain.name

fix DNS resolution As root user enter the following line in /etc/resolv.conf file above all nameserver lines.

nameserver 127.0.0.1

Start a temp DNS server as following

DNS server starting.

$ sudo dnsmasq --no-daemon --listen-address=127.0.0.1 --address=/full.domain.name/127.0.0.1 --log-queries

dnsmasq: started, version 2.80 cachesize 150
dnsmasq: compile time options: IPv6 GNU-getopt DBus no-i18n IDN2 DHCP DHCPv6 no-Lua TFTP no-conntrack ipset auth DNSSEC loop-detect inotify dumpfile
dnsmasq: reading /etc/resolv.conf
dnsmasq: ignoring nameserver 127.0.0.1 - local interface
dnsmasq: using nameserver 192.168.97.2#53
dnsmasq: read /etc/hosts - 2 addresses

$ host myhost.full.domain.name
myhost.full.domain.name has address 127.0.0.1

Fetch atest.html file securely after DNS resolution fix.

secure fetch. 
$ curl https://myhost.full.domain.name:9999/serveContent/atest.html --cacert caCert/myCA.crt
openssl page served.

Attemps to connect and fetch a page from server (WITH mutual auth)

Start openssl server in client verification mode.

$ openssl s_server \
-accept 9999 \
-CAfile caCert/myCA.crt \
-cert newCreatedCerts/serverCert.pem \
-key privateKeys/serverKey.pem \
-state \
-WWW \
-Verify 1

verify depth is 1, must return a certificate
Using default temp DH parameters
ACCEPT

Fetch atest.html in insecure way

insecure fetch

$ curl https://myhost.full.domain.name:9999/serveContent/atest.html \
--insecure

curl: (56) OpenSSL SSL_read: error:1409445C:SSL routines:ssl3_read_bytes:tlsv13 alert certificate required, errno 0

Fetch atest.html secure way

secure fetch

$ curl https://myhost.full.domain.name:9999/serveContent/atest.html \
--cacert caCert/myCA.crt

curl: (56) OpenSSL SSL_read: error:1409445C:SSL routines:ssl3_read_bytes:tlsv13 alert certificate required, errno 0

Fetch atest.html secure way using client certs (mutual auth)

$ curl https://myhost.full.domain.name:9999/serveContent/atest.html \
--cacert caCert/myCA.crt \
--cert newCreatedCerts/myClientCert.pem \
--key privateKeys/myClientKey.pem

openssl page served.
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